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Stop Evaporation

Resources

The sources we rely on, and where to go for authoritative tools and data.

Authoritative external resources

Citation library

The key peer-reviewed and agency references cited across the site.

  1. Allen, R.G., Pereira, L.S., Raes, D. & Smith, M. (1998). Crop evapotranspiration — Guidelines for computing crop water requirements (FAO Irrigation & Drainage Paper 56). Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO).

    The reference standard for the Penman-Monteith method.

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  2. Harbeck, G.E. (1962). A practical field technique for measuring reservoir evaporation utilizing mass-transfer theory (USGS Professional Paper 272-E). U.S. Geological Survey.

    Lake Hefner studies; foundation of aerodynamic mass-transfer estimates.

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  3. Yao, X. et al. (2021). Evaporation reduction by suspended and floating covers (review/analysis). Journal of Hydrology, 599, 126506.

    Continuous/geomembrane and floating covers; high-seal performance.

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  4. Mady, B. et al. (2021). Evaporation suppression from open water by floating modular covers (field study). Water Resources Research.

    Reports ~65–80% field reductions; wind-driven tile displacement effects.

  5. Assouline, S. et al. (2021). Evaporation suppression and the physics of partial surface coverage. Water Resources Research.

  6. Lehmann, P. et al. (2019). Wind-tunnel evaluation of self-assembling floating covers for evaporation suppression. Peer-reviewed study (wind-tunnel).

    Documents pile-up / displacement of thin lightweight tiles under wind.

  7. Aminzadeh, M. et al. (2018). Energy partitioning and evaporation dynamics relevant to suppression methods. Peer-reviewed study.

  8. Craig, I. et al. (2005). Evaporation control on farm and irrigation storages. USQ National Centre for Engineering in Agriculture (NCEA).

    Field assessment of covers, monolayers and structures on storages.

  9. U.S. Federal Aviation Administration (2020). Hazardous Wildlife Attractants On or Near Airports (AC 150/5200-33C). FAA Advisory Circular.

    Relevant to bird-strike risk and the case for covering airport-adjacent water.

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